Ingreso Mínimo Vital (IMV)
Ingreso Mínimo Vital (IMV) is Spain's national non-contributory Social Security benefit, created by Real Decreto-ley 20/2020 (in force since 1 June 2020) and later regulated by Ley 19/2021, to prevent poverty and social exclusion for individuals and households lacking sufficient economic resources. It is a means-tested, household-based income floor administered by the INSS, with amounts varying by household composition, income and assets. It is not a universal basic income: eligibility, continuation and amount depend on income/asset verification and household circumstances. As of December 2025 it reached about 799,553 households and 2.44 million people nationwide.
National guaranteed minimum income, means-tested, non-contributory Social Security benefit, COVID-19 response, household-based, Spain
Headquarters
- Organization Name
- Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social (INSS) / Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones
- City
- Madrid
- State / Province
- Comunidad de Madrid
- Country
- Spain
Contact
- Phone
- +34 900 20 22 22
Status & Funding
- Organization status
- Active
- Program status
- Active
- Application status
- Rolling
- Number of recipients
- 2,441,647
- Funding type
- Government
Benefits
- Currency Type
- Fiat
- Currency
- EUR
- Payment frequency
- Monthly
- Ongoing / unconditional
- Yes
- Distribution Type
- Direct Deposit (bank transfer to beneficiary's designated account)
- Benefit details
IMV pays a monthly amount that tops up household income up to a guaranteed minimum threshold, so the exact benefit equals the gap between the household's actual income/means and the applicable guaranteed minimum for its composition. In 2026 the base amount for a single adult is EUR 733.60/month (EUR 8,803.20/year), rising with additional household members (roughly +30% per extra adult/minor) up to about EUR 1,613.92/month for large families; a 22% supplement applies for single-parent households and households with a member with disability ≥65%. It is compatible with earned income and with other targeted/finalist aid (housing aid, scholarships, emergency aid) as long as the household stays under the income threshold. Average monthly payment per household was about EUR 483 in 2025.
Eligibility
Overview
- Eligibility details
Open to individuals living alone or in a 'unidad de convivencia' (cohabitation/household unit) in Spain who lack sufficient income and assets. General requirement: household holder must be 23-65 (with exceptions allowing 18-22, e.g., care-leavers, victims of gender violence/trafficking/exploitation, and single-parent households) or any age if a minor/dependent is in their care. Requires legal, continuous residence in Spain for at least the year immediately prior to application (waived for minors and gender-violence/trafficking victims); asset limit is 3x the annual benefit amount (main residence excluded); income must fall below the applicable household threshold. Homeless individuals and care-leaving youth are explicitly recognized eligible groups.
Demographics
- Minimum age
- 18
Family
- Family Status
- Parent, Single Parent
- Household size (minimum)
- 1
Financial
- Income limit (annual household)
- $9,683
- Asset / net worth limit
- $29,051
Citizenship
- Citizenship / immigration status
- Citizen, Permanent Resident, Refugee, Asylum Seeker
- Minimum Years In Jurisdiction
- 1 years
Geography
- Countries covered
- Spain
- Residency of Target Geography
- Yes
- Minimum Years A Resident of Target Geography
- 1 years
Application Process
- How to apply
Apply online through the Social Security Sede Electrónica (seg-social.es) using a digital certificate, Cl@ve or the paper application form; can also apply in person at INSS offices or by post. Applicants can first use the official online simulator to check eligibility, then submit required documentation (identity, residence, family/household composition, income and asset information). A dedicated free information line (020, or 900 20 22 22) supports applicants.
- Selection process
Not competitive or lottery-based: INSS administratively verifies each application against tax, Social Security and other administrative records (income, assets, household composition, residence) and grants the benefit automatically to all applicants who meet the legal eligibility and means-test criteria.
